The performance of any tool—whether it's a stamping die, a gear, or a drill bit—is dictated by its chemical makeup. At Sehgal Tools Corporation, we ensure every bar we supply adheres to strict metallurgical standards. Below is the comprehensive breakdown of the elements that give our steel its legendary strength.
| Grade | C % | Cr % | Mn % | Si % | Mo % | Ni % | V / W % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D-3 (AISI) | 2.00-2.35 | 11.00-13.00 | 0.60 Max | 0.60 Max | - | - | - |
| D-2 (AISI) | 1.40-1.60 | 11.00-13.00 | 0.60 Max | 0.60 Max | 0.70-1.20 | - | V: 1.10 Max |
| H-11 (AISI) | 0.35-0.45 | 4.75-5.50 | 0.20-0.50 | 0.80-1.20 | 1.10-1.75 | - | V: 0.30-0.60 |
| H-13 (AISI) | 0.32-0.45 | 4.75-5.50 | 0.20-0.50 | 0.80-1.20 | 1.10-1.75 | - | V: 0.80-1.20 |
| EN-31 (Bearing) | 0.90-1.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.50 Max | 0.35 Max | - | - | - |
| EN-24 (High Tensile) | 0.36-0.44 | 1.00-1.40 | 0.45-0.70 | 0.10-0.35 | 0.20-0.35 | 1.30-1.80 | - |
| EN-19 (AISI 4140) | 0.35-0.45 | 0.90-1.20 | 0.50-0.80 | 0.10-0.35 | 0.20-0.40 | - | - |
| EN-8D (Carbon) | 0.40-0.50 | - | 0.70-0.90 | 0.10-0.35 | - | - | - |
| EN-353 | 0.10-0.20 | 0.75-1.25 | 0.50-1.00 | 0.35 Max | 0.08-0.15 | 1.00-1.50 | - |
| SAE 8620 | 0.18-0.23 | 0.40-0.60 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.15-0.25 | 0.40-0.70 | - |
| 20MnCr5 | 0.17-0.22 | 1.00-1.30 | 1.10-1.40 | 0.40 Max | - | - | - |
| 16MnCr5 | 0.14-0.19 | 0.80-1.10 | 1.00-1.30 | 0.40 Max | - | - | - |
| SS-410 | 0.08-0.15 | 11.5-13.5 | 1.00 Max | 1.00 Max | - | 0.75 Max | - |
| M-2 HSS | 0.85-0.95 | 3.80-4.50 | 0.20-0.40 | 0.20-0.40 | 4.50-5.50 | - | W: 5.50-6.75 V: 1.75-2.20 |
The ultimate reference guide for engineers. Search by any grade (e.g., "1.2379" or "D2") to filter the tables below.
| Category | Sehgal Grade (India) | AISI (USA) | DIN (Germany) | JIS (Japan) | BS (UK) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cold Work | HcHcr D-3 | D3 | 1.2080 / X210Cr12 | SKD 1 | BD 3 |
| Cold Work | HcHcr D-2 | D2 | 1.2379 / X153CrMoV12 | SKD 11 | BD 2 |
| Hot Work | H-11 | H11 | 1.2343 / X37CrMoV5-1 | SKD 61 | BH 11 |
| Hot Work | H-13 | H13 | 1.2344 / X40CrMoV5-1 | SKD 61 (Mod) | BH 13 |
| High Speed | M-2 | M2 | 1.3343 / HS-6-5-2 | SKH 51 | BM 2 |
| Plastic Mold | P-20 | P20 | 1.2311 / 40CrMnMo7 | - | - |
| Alloy Steel | EN-8 | 1045 | 1.1191 / C45E | S45C | 080M40 |
| Alloy Steel | EN-9 | 1055 | 1.1203 / C55 | S55C | 070M55 |
| Alloy Steel | EN-19 | 4140 | 1.7225 / 42CrMo4 | SCM 440 | 708M40 |
| Alloy Steel | EN-24 | 4340 | 1.6582 / 34CrNiMo6 | SNCM 439 | 817M40 |
| Bearing Steel | EN-31 | 52100 | 1.3505 / 100Cr6 | SUJ 2 | 535A99 |
| Carburizing | EN-353 | - | 1.5511 / 20NiCrMo2 | SNCM 220 | 815M17 |
| Carburizing | SAE 8620 | 8620 | 1.6523 / 21NiCrMo2 | SNCM 220 | 805M20 |
| Carburizing | 20MnCr5 | 5120 | 1.7147 / 20MnCr5 | SMnC 420 | - |
| Grade | Forging Temp (°C) | Hardening Temp (°C) | Quenching Medium | Tempering Temp (°C) | Final Hardness (HRC) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D-3 | 1050 - 850 | 950 - 980 | Oil | 150 - 400 | 58 - 62 |
| D-2 | 1050 - 850 | 1020 - 1040 | Air / Oil | 150 - 500 | 58 - 60 |
| H-11 | 1100 - 900 | 1000 - 1020 | Air | 540 - 650 | 48 - 52 |
| H-13 | 1100 - 900 | 1020 - 1050 | Air | 540 - 650 | 48 - 52 |
| M-2 | 1100 - 900 | 1190 - 1230 | Oil / Air | 540 - 560 (x3) | 62 - 64 |
| EN-24 | 1150 - 850 | 820 - 850 | Oil | 550 - 660 | 28 - 32 (Toughened) |
| EN-31 | 1000 - 800 | 830 - 860 | Oil | 150 - 200 | 60 - 63 |
| EN-19 | 1100 - 850 | 830 - 860 | Oil | 550 - 650 | 28 - 32 |
| EN-353 | 1150 - 850 | 880 - 930 (Carb) | Oil | 150 - 200 | 58 - 62 (Case) |
| 20MnCr5 | 1150 - 850 | 880 - 930 (Carb) | Oil | 150 - 200 | 58 - 62 (Case) |
Baseline speeds for rough turning in the Annealed Condition (using Carbide inserts).
| Grade | Machinability Rating | Cutting Speed (Vc) m/min | Feed Rate (mm/rev) | Hardness (Annealed) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EN-8 / EN-9 | ⭐⭐⭐⭐ Good | 180 - 240 | 0.2 - 0.4 | ~180 HB |
| EN-24 / EN-19 | ⭐⭐⭐ Fair | 140 - 180 | 0.2 - 0.35 | ~220 HB |
| H-13 / H-11 | ⭐⭐⭐ Fair | 130 - 160 | 0.15 - 0.3 | ~230 HB |
| D-2 / D-3 | ⭐⭐ Difficult | 80 - 120 | 0.1 - 0.2 | ~250 HB |
| M-2 (HSS) | ⭐ Very Difficult | 60 - 90 | 0.1 - 0.15 | ~260 HB |
Instantly convert between Rockwell C (HRC), Brinell (HB), and Vickers (HV).
Essential for heat treatment verification.
The Hardener. Carbon is the most important element. It dictates the maximum hardness a steel can reach.
Example: D3 has ~2.2% Carbon, making it glass-hard. H13 has only ~0.40%, prioritizing toughness over extreme hardness.
The Shield. Chromium adds corrosion resistance and deep hardenability. In high amounts (12%), it forms chromium-carbides, which act like microscopic diamonds in the steel matrix, resisting wear.
The Refiner. Vanadium keeps the grain structure small and fine. This prevents the steel from becoming brittle. It also adds abrasion resistance. It is the secret weapon in D2 and M2 HSS.
The Toughener. Nickel increases the steel's impact strength. It allows the core of the steel to absorb shocks without snapping. Essential for Heavy Gears (EN353) and Shafts (EN24).
The Heat Resister. Mo gives steel "Red Hardness"—the ability to stay hard even when hot. This is why H13 is the industry standard for hot die casting.
The Cutter. Used primarily in High Speed Steels (M2). Tungsten allows tools to cut metal at high RPMs without losing their sharp edge due to friction heat.
Both are High Carbon High Chrome steels. D3 (2.2% Carbon) is slightly harder but more brittle. D2 (1.5% Carbon) contains Vanadium and Molybdenum, which makes it tougher and less prone to chipping. For complex dies, D2 is often preferred.
H13 contains higher Vanadium (1.0%) compared to H11 (0.5%). This extra Vanadium provides superior resistance to "heat checking" (surface cracks caused by rapid heating and cooling), making H13 the global standard for aluminium die casting.
Choose these grades for components like gears and pinions that need a Hard Surface (to resist wear from teeth meshing) but a Soft Core (to absorb the shock of transmission). Through-hardened steels might snap under these conditions.
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